As a translator, Pessoa had his own method: A poem is an intellectualized impression, an idea made emotion, communicated by others by means of a rhythm. In a letter dated 8 February 1918, Pessoa wrote: There is only one event in the past which has both the definiteness and the importance required for rectification by direction; this is my father's death, which took place on 13 July 1893. Mahr, G., "Pessoa, life narrative, and the dissociative process" in Biography 21 (1) Winter 1998, pp. Pessoa's interest in spiritualism was truly awakened in the second half of 1915, while translating theosophist books. The title of this essay is a liberal translation of a phrase found in fragment 1/81-2 ofLivro do Desassossego[Book of Disquiet]: ‘Há porcos de destino, como eu, que se não afastam da banalidade quotidiana por essa mesma atracção da própria impotência’³ [there are pigs of destiny, like me, who do not retreat from the banality of the quotidian because of the very attraction of their own impotence]. Aleister Crowley (1875–1947) and Fernando Pessoa were in biographical terms such different personalities that their ever meeting at all might appear, at least at first, almost unimaginable. Fernando António Nogueira Pessoa (Portuguese: [fɨɾˈnɐ̃du pɨˈsoɐ]; 13 June 1888 – 30 November 1935) was a Portuguese poet, writer, literary critic, translator, publisher and philosopher, described as one of the most significant literary figures of the 20th century and one of the greatest poets in the Portuguese language. Fernando António Nogueira Pessoa was very, very good. The main reason for this was that, although Search is English, he was born in Lisbon as his author. Fernando Pessoa's Modernity Without Frontiers is a valuable introduction to this multifaceted modern master, intended for both students of modern literature and general readers interested in one of its major figures. [79], In 1912, Fernando Pessoa wrote a set of essays (later collected as The New Portuguese Poetry) for the cultural journal A Águia (The Eagle), founded in Oporto, in December 1910, and run by the republican association Renascença Portuguesa. "[49] He was an outspoken elitist and aligned himself against communism, socialism, fascism and Catholicism. "Wise is the one who does not seek. Central to his world-view is the idea that in the world around us, all is surface: things are precisely what they seem, there is no hidden meaning anywhere. voyage to Africa – left Lisbon beginning January 1896. Pessoa became an autodidact, a devoted reader who spent a lot of time at the library. Check out our gallery. The indeterminate figure of the ‘monster’ in Pessoa’s poem disseminates meanings, demonstrating how the structuring... Like so much of his literary criticism, Pessoa’s writings on his friend and younger contemporary António Botto offer less illumination of their ostensive subject than of Pessoa’s own preoccupations – both philosophical and personal – and of the artistic objectives, and inherently dramatic logic, of the concept of heteronymity. How old he was at this time I don’t know, but judge him to have 15 or 16. 'The best way to travel,' he wrote, 'is to feel.' [41], In his early years, Pessoa was influenced by major English classic poets such as Shakespeare, Milton and Pope, or romantics like Shelley, Byron, Keats, Wordsworth, Coleridge and Tennyson. Pessoa sorted the philosophical systems thus: Such pantheist transcendentalism is used by Pessoa to define the project that "encompasses and exceeds all systems"; to characterize the new poetry of Saudosismo where the "typical contradiction of this system" occurs; to inquire of the particular social and political results of its adoption as the leading cultural paradigm; and, at last, he hints that metaphysics and religiosity strive "to find in everything a beyond". Never question it. But I think of being so many things! The circumstances of his life were marked by that strange but rather common phenomenon – perhaps, in fact, it’s true for all lives – of being tailored to the image and likeness of his instincts, which tended towards inertia and withdrawal. Pessoa translated a number of Portuguese books into English,[22] and into Portuguese The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne,[23] and the short stories "The Theory and the Hound", "The Roads We Take" and "Georgia's Ruling" by O. Fernando Pessoa and his retinue of writerly alter egos was a hard act to follow. The characters of the main heteronyms were inspired by the four astral elements: air, fire, water and earth. 4), 'Relapsing...' (nr. Sousa, Ronald W., "The Structure of Pessoa's Mensagem", Suarez, Jose, "Fernando Pessoa's acknowledged involvement with the occult", Zenith, Richard, "Pessoa, Fernando and the Theater of his Self", This page was last edited on 30 April 2021, at 20:46. "Fernando Pessoa, Poet, Publisher, and Translator". Martins, Fernando Cabral (coord.) To be what I think? 5) and 'The Psychological Aspect of the new Portuguese Poetry' (nrs. Fernando Pessoa, letter to Rider & C., Paternoster Row, London, E.C.4., 20 October 1933. The third Cycle, called "O Encoberto" ("The Hidden One"), refers to Pessoa's vision of a future world of peace and the Fifth Empire (which, according to Pessoa, is spiritual and not material, because if it were material England would already have achieved it). (1915), Exílio (1916), Centauro (1916), A Ideia Nacional (1916), Terra Nossa (1916), O Heraldo (1917), Portugal Futurista (1917), Acção (1919–20), Ressurreição (1920), Contemporânea (1922–26), Athena (1924–25), Diário de Lisboa (1924–35), Revista de Comércio e Contabilidade (1926), Sol (1926), O Imparcial (1927), Presença (1927–34), Revista Solução Editora (1929–1931), Notícias Ilustrado (1928–30), Girassol (1930), Revolução (1932), Descobrimento (1932), Fama (1932–33), Fradique (1934) and Sudoeste (1935). Lost for many years, this issue was finally recovered and published in 1984. Only two issues were published (Jan–Feb–Mar and Apr–May–Jun 1915), the third failed to appear due to funding difficulties. While preparing to enter university, he also attended the Durban Commercial High School during one year, taking night classes. And what followed was the appearance of someone within me to whom I promptly assigned the name of Alberto Caeiro. What this means, and what makes Caeiro such an original poet is the way he apprehends existence. In his detached, intellectual approach, he is closer to Fernando Pessoa's constant rationalization, as such representing the orthonym's wish for measure and sobriety and a world free of troubles and respite, in stark contrast to Caeiro's spirit and style. Indeed, from 1907 until his death in 1935, Pessoa worked in twenty-one firms located in Lisbon's downtown, sometimes in two or three of them simultaneously. Fernando Pessoa, Writer: Cinq et la peau. Stories. Soares also supposedly lived in the same downtown street, a world that Pessoa knew quite well due to his long career as freelance correspondence translator. [39], I am also very interested in knowing whether a second edition is shortly to be expected of Athur Edward Waite’s The Secret Tradition in Freemasonery. (1995). He is a modern pagan who urges one to seize the day and accept fate with tranquility. [citation needed] The issues he engages with pertain to every philosophical discipline and concern a large profusion of concepts, creating a vast semantic spectrum in texts whose length varies between half a dozen lines and half a dozen pages and whose density of analysis is extremely variable; simple paraphrasis, expression of assumptions and original speculation. As a result, his mood and principles varied between violent, dynamic exultation, as he fervently wishes to experience the entirety of the universe in himself, in all manners possible (a particularly distinctive trait in this state being his futuristic leanings, including the expression of great enthusiasm as to the meaning of city life and its components) and a state of nostalgic melancholy, where life is viewed as, essentially, empty. In Pessoa, Fernando. After the second marriage of his mother, Maria Magdalena Pinheiro Nogueira, a proxy wedding to João Miguel dos Santos Rosa, Fernando sailed with his mother for South Africa in early 1896 to join his stepfather, a military officer appointed Portuguese consul in Durban, capital of the former British Colony of Natal. So much so that, with those thirty odd poems written, I immediately took up another sheet of paper and wrote as well, in a row, the six poems that make up "Oblique Rain" by Fernando Pessoa. Soares describes crowds in the streets, buildings, shops, traffic, river Tagus, the weather, and even its author, Fernando Pessoa: Fairly tall and thin, he must have been about thirty years old. Ten years after his arrival, he sailed for Lisbon via the Suez Canal on board the "Herzog", leaving Durban for good at the age of seventeen. Caeiro’s “death” seems to have been influenced, in retrospect, by Sá-Carneiro’s suicide in Paris on April 26th,1916. [42] After his return to Lisbon in 1905, Pessoa was influenced by French symbolists and decadentists as Charles Baudelaire, Maurice Rollinat, Stéphane Mallarmé; mainly by Portuguese poets as Antero de Quental, Gomes Leal, Cesário Verde, António Nobre, Camilo Pessanha or Teixeira de Pascoaes. [2] At the age of sixteen, The Natal Mercury[3] (edition of 6 July 1904) published his poem "Hillier did first usurp the realms of rhyme...", under the name of C. R. Anon (anonymous), along with a brief introductory text: "I read with great amusement...". He never belonged to a crowd. "[citation needed] In this sense, Reis shares essential affinities with Caeiro. Fernando Pessoa: The Poet of Many Masks. King Sebastian is very important, indeed he appears in all three parts of Mensagem. The Hidden One represents the fulfillment of the destiny of mankind, designed by God since before Time, and the accomplishment of Portugal. Literary tradition, influence and genealogy are overlapping tropes of historical emplotment that have been centrally important, and indeed in many instances structurally indispensable, to feminist criticism of lyric poetry over the past four decades. This journey inspired the poems "Opiário" (dedicated to his friend, the poet and writer Mário de Sá-Carneiro) published in March 1915, in Orpheu nr.1[7] and "Ode Marítima" (dedicated to the futurist painter Santa-Rita) published in June 1915, in Orpheu nr.2[8] by his heteronym Álvaro de Campos. He manages thus to free himself from the anxieties that batter his peers; for Caeiro, things simply exist and we have no right to credit them with more than that. September 1902. It seemed to suggest various kinds: hardships, anxieties, and the suffering born of the indifference that comes from having already suffered a lot.[17]. [81] Pessoa contributed to the journal A Águia with a series of papers: 'The new Portuguese Poetry Sociologically Considered' (nr. Or better still, it was Fernando Pessoa’s reaction to his own inexistence as Alberto Caeiro. Readers of Portuguese newspapers read the news, but no British newspaper reported the Portuguese poet’s death. Mensagem,[77] written in Portuguese, is a symbolist epic made up of 44 short poems organized in three parts or Cycles:[78]. [56], On 29 November 1935, Pessoa was taken to the Hospital de São Luís, suffering from abdominal pain and a high fever; there he wrote, in English, his last words: "I know not what tomorrow will bring. It was my immediate sensation. Pessoa also wrote on Crowley's doctrine of Thelema in several fragments, including Moral. [5] His poems often carried humorous versions of Anon as the author's name. However, in 1920, the prestigious literary journal Athenaeum included one of those poems. Try logging in through your institution for access. Instead, he attempts to communicate his senses, and his feelings, without any interpretation whatsoever. Fernando Pessoa’s youthful ambition was to become an English-language poet and, with the exception of a small book of poems,Mensagem[Message] (1934), the books he published during his lifetime were all in English. Those heteronyms were designed according to their horoscopes, all including Mercury, the planet of literature. Lancastre, Maria José de and Antonio Tabucchi. Relative Spiritualism and relative Materialism privilege "Spirit" or "Matter" as the main pole that organizes data around Experience. He exists.[71]. by George Monteiro, Castro, Ivo, "O corpus de 'O Guardador de Rebanhos' depositado na Biblioteca Nacional", Separata da. Pessoa was born in Lisbon on 13 June 1888. Anderson, R. N., "The Static Drama of Pessoa, Fernando", Brown, S.M., "The Whitman Pessoa Connection". [4] From February to June 1905, in the section "The Man in the Moon", The Natal Mercury also published at least four sonnets by Fernando Pessoa: "Joseph Chamberlain", "To England I", "To England II" and "Liberty". He hunched over terribly when sitting down but less so standing up, and he dressed with a carelessness that wasn’t entirely careless. Severino, Alexandrino E., "Fernando Pessoa's Legacy: The Presença and After". After Caeiro's tenets had been established, the avowedly poetic voices of Campos, Reis and Pessoa himself spoke with greater assurance. Reis was a classicist formally trained as... Omar Khayyam, the great Persian rationalist philosopher, astronomer and mathematician, was first introduced as a poet to the West by the Victorian writer Edward FitzGerald.² The first edition of theRubáiyát of Omar Khayyám(1859) was a twenty-four-page booklet published by an antiquarian bookseller without the name of the translator. While his family remained in South Africa, Pessoa returned to Lisbon in 1905 to study diplomacy. In 1907, he invested money that he received in inheritance by establishing his publishing company ‘Empreza Ibis’ but it got closed down within 3 years. Caeiro attains happiness by not questioning, and by thus avoiding doubts and uncertainties. It is made from travel photographs of Lisbon, Portugal. Its eighteen short, jargon-free essays were written by the most distinguished Pessoa scholars across the globe. The dates of the voyages related to the above event are (as nearly as possible): 1st. The young Pessoa was described by a schoolfellow as follows: I cannot tell you exactly how long I knew him, but the period during which I received most of my impressions of him was the whole of the year 1904 when we were at school together. [35], As a mysticist, Pessoa was an enthusiast of esotericism, occultism, hermetism, numerology and alchemy. book ), Hicks, J., "The Fascist imaginary in Pessoa and Pirandello". In his pale, uninteresting face there was a look of suffering that didn’t add any interest, and it was difficult to say just what kind of suffering this look suggested. Yeats", Monteiro, George, "The Song of the Reaper-Pessoa and Wordsworth", Muldoon P., "In the hall of mirrors: 'Autopsychography' by Fernando Pessoa", Ribeiro, A. S., "A tradition of empire: Fernando Pessoa and Germany", Riccardi, Mattia, "Dionysus or Apollo? 9,11 and 12). https://www.instagram.com/p/BYc5K3gBVnf/. When Pessoa was five, his father, Joaquim de Seabra Pessôa, died of tuberculosis and on 2 January of the following year, his younger brother Jorge, aged one, also died. Early Life. This writer was a pioneer of the avant-garde and his work had a … However, he left a lifetime of unpublished, unfinished or just sketchy work in a domed, wooden trunk (25,574[63] manuscript and typed pages which have been housed in the Portuguese National Library since 1988). Fernando Pessoa’s The Book of Disquiet is exactly what the title suggests. The first two poems ("The castles" and "The escutcheons") draw inspiration from the material and spiritual natures of Portugal. She traveled to Switzerland in November 1914, with her daughter and son-in-law, recently married. After the Age of Force, (Vis), and Taedium (Otium) will come Science (understanding) through a reawakening of "The Hidden One", or "King Sebastian". And he was right about the promising talent of the young poet who, ninety-two years later, in 1994, was to be included by Harold Bloom among the twenty-six writers inThe Western Canon. Haberly, David T., "Fernando Pessoa: Overview" in Lesley Henderson (Ed. A collage creation inspired by one of my favourite poets Fernando Pessoa. You can see some photos of it at my twitter profile @BoyaGeorge. Lisbon through the eyes of Fernando Pessoa. Both IL6 and TOLLIP polymorphisms but not TNFA or IL1B influenced Rhinovirus detection in the nostrils of voluntaries. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7722/j.ctt31njm2, Fernando Pessoa's Modernity without Frontiers, (For EndNote, ProCite, Reference Manager, Zotero, Mendeley...), Chronology of Fernando Pessoa’s Life and Work, 1 ‘O Deus que Faltava’: Pessoa’s Theory of Lyric Poetry, 6 From FitzGerald’s Omar to Pessoa’s Rubaiyat, 7 The Solitary Reaper Between Men (and Some Women), 9 Inverted Aesthetics: Pessoa, Campos and António Botto’s Canções, 10 Pessoa, Shakespeare’s Sonnets, and the Problem of Gaspar Simões, 11 The Alchemical Path: Esoteric Influence in the Works of Fernando Pessoa and W. B. Yeats, 12 An Implausible Encounter and a Theatrical Suicide – its Prologue and Aftermath: Fernando Pessoa and Aleister Crowley, 15 The Ecology of Writing: Maria José’s Fernando Pessoa, 16 Patrícia Galvão on Pessoa in Brazil, 1955–61. Dun & Company, an American mercantile information agency (currently D&B, Dun & Bradstreet). Essayist; brother of Ricardo Reis, upon whom he writes, Poet and prose writer; a pupil of Alberto Caeiro, Translator, poet; director of Ibis Press; author of a paper, Author of the text "A Coroação de Jorge Quinto", Translator and essayist; brother of Alexander Search, English epic character/occultist, popularized in Portuguese culture, Short story writer; perhaps brother David Merrick, Character inspired by Pêro Botelho and author of short detective stories, Another brother of Frederick Wyatt and resident of Paris, Wrote and signed "A Carta da Corcunda para o Serralheiro", Probably brother of Carlos Otto who was entrusted with the translation into English of, Translated Horace James Faber in Portuguese, Deceased author of a text Pantaleão decided to publish, Satirical poet; Republican activist; member of, Compiler and author of the preface of a sensationalist anthology in English, Philosopher; author of "Historia Cómica do Affonso Çapateiro", Author of an essay with humorous advice for young poets, Signed a letter written in English on 13 April 1905, Character from Pessoa's childhood accompanying him until the end of his life; also signed poems, English-Portuguese journalist and humorist; director of, Poet and author of humorous anecdotes; predecessor of Dr. Pancrácio, Storyteller, poet and creator of charades, Author and director of the section of anecdotes at, Author of the poem "Loucura"; collaborator in. 1 Fernando Pessoa Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit (FP-ENAS), Porto, Portugal. Unlike Caeiro, who asks nothing of life, he asks too much. There's nothing it can tell you." "Letter to Adolfo Casais Monteiro", January 13, 1935, in Pessoa, Fernando (2003), Paz, Octavio (1983), "El Desconocido de Si Mismo: Fernando Pessoa", in, Pessoa, Fernando, Notas Para Recordação do Meu Mestre Caeiro. Wanting to be everything, and inevitably failing, he despairs. It was a naive but correct little poem, presented as the work of a charming and restless child of promising poetical talent. Pessoa was a prolific writer, and not only under his own name, for he created approximately seventy-five others, of which three stand out, Alberto Caeiro, Álvaro de Campos and Ricardo Reis. [49] He described his brand of nationalism as "mystic, cosmopolitan, liberal, and anti-Catholic. He moved to the Durban High School in April 1899, becoming fluent in English and developing an appreciation for English literature. All Rights Reserved. Sheets, Jane M., "Fernando Pessoa as Anti-Poet: Alberto Caeiro". In 1905/7, when Pessoa was a student at the University of Lisbon, Alexander Search took the place of Anon. "[57] He died the next day, 30 November 1935, around 8 pm, aged 47. Heroes Past and Present(1833–4) can be found in his personal library at the Casa Fernando Pessoa in Lisbon.² This opus was very much on Pessoa’s mind, for he made several references to it in his writings, quoting the same phrase by Carlyle, for example, in two different fragments of theLivro do Desassossego[Book of Disquiet].³. The present collection of essays is an important... Fernando Pessoa’s Modernity Without Frontiers: Influences, Dialogues and Responses, a title borrowed from Helder Macedo’s description of the Portuguese poet Fernando Pessoa’s work in the Foreword to this book, aims to provide a state-of-the-art panorama of the latest research being conducted on Pessoa’s national and international influences, artistic dialogues, and responses his work has generated. Born on June 13, Pessoa was native of Gemini and had Scorpio as rising sign. Guyer, Leland, "Fernando Pessoa and the Cubist Perspective". Considering both elements as an "illusory manifestation", of a transcendent and true and alone realities, there is, A terminal system "the limited and summit of metaphysics" would not radicalize – as poles of experience – one of the single categories: matter, relative, absolute, real, illusory, spirit. Return – left Durban in the afternoon of 1st. McNeill, Pods, "The aesthetic of fragmentation and the use of personae in the poetry of Fernando Pessoa and W.B. [51][52] He wrote a pamphlet in 1928 supportive of the military dictatorship but after the establishment of the New State, in 1933, Pessoa became disenchanted with the regime and wrote critically of Salazar and fascism in general, maintaining a hostile stance towards its corporatist program, illiberalism, and censorship. Fernando Pessoa (1888–1935) was a Portuguese poet, writer, literary critic, translator, publisher and philosopher. At a certain level, ‘pig of destiny’ is a description well suited to Bernardo Soares, who wallows triumphantly in the resentment of his life, employing a self-deprecating humour and some striking... Let me recall a few of the more obtrusive characteristics of Fernando Pessoa’sLivro do Desassossego[The Book of Disquiet] by Bernardo Soares. [33], Besides automatic writing, Pessoa stated also that he had "astral" or "etherial visions" and was able to see "magnetic auras" similar to radiographic images. Street View. (My semi-heteronym Bernardo Soares, who in many ways resembles Álvaro de Campos, always appears when I'm sleepy or drowsy, so that my qualities of inhibition and rational thought are suspended; his prose is an endless reverie. on JSTOR. "), Reis is marked by melancholy, saddened by the impermanence of all things. Pessoa cryptically claimed that he did not evolve, but... Wallace Stevens, a poet I have often brought into contact with Fernando Pessoa, says in one of his ‘Adagia’ that ‘poetry is a sense’.² It seems to me that, more than a sense, poetry is an affair of the senses. The first one, still in his childhood, was Chevalier de Pas, supposedly a French noble. These imaginary figures sometimes held unpopular or extreme views. Fernando António Nogueira Pessoa (Lisbon, 13 June 1888 - Lisbon, 30 November 1935), also known as Fernando Pessoa, was a Portuguese poet and writer.. Pessoa is considered one of the greatest Portuguese poets. [46] Along with some friends, he founded another publishing house – Olisipo – which published in 1921 a further two English poetry volumes: English Poems I–II and English Poems III by Fernando Pessoa. The second Part, called "Mar Português" (Portuguese Sea), references the country's Age of Portuguese Exploration and to its seaborne Empire that ended with the death of King Sebastian at El-Ksar el Kebir (Alcácer-Quibir in Portuguese) in 1578. [40], Literary critic Martin Lüdke described Pessoa's philosophy as a kind of pandeism, especially those writings under the heteronym Alberto Caeiro. In his daydream soliloquy he also wrote about Lisbon in the first half of the 20th century. The exchange published in José Pacheco’s reviewContemporânea[Contemporary] in 1922, in which the counterposed identities of Pessoa ‘himself’ and of Álvaro de Campos assert diametrically opposed vindications of Botto and his homoeroticCanções[Songs] (1922), is one of the most striking, and still little-studied, instances of the expressly performative aspect of Pessoa’s... Pessoa was fascinated by the sexuality of the writers he admired, notwithstanding his continual disclaimers to the contrary.¹ One of the representative books he owned on the topic wasWalt Whitman’s Anomaly(1913), with a note on the cover stating that ‘The sale of this book is restricted to Members of the Legal and Medical professions.’² Whitman’s ‘anomaly’, according to this book, is homosexuality. It was on this criterion that I based my translation into Portuguese of Poe’s "Annabel Lee" and "Ulalume", which I translated, not because of their great intrinsic worth, but because they were a standing challenge to translators. During this time Pessoa got greatly influenced by many writers and poets of the 20th century. He states his confidence that Portugal would soon produce a great poet – a super-Camões – pledged to make an important contribution for European culture, and indeed, for humanity.[82]. Caption to photo 32, opposite page 115, in: Lisboa, E. and Taylor, L. C., eds; with an introduction by Paz, O. He elaborated hundreds of horoscope, including well-known people such as William Shakespeare, Lord Byron, Oscar Wilde, Chopin, Robespierre, Napoleon I, Benito Mussolini, Wilhelm II, Leopold II of Belgium, Victor Emmanuel III, Alfonso XIII, or the Kings Sebastian and Charles of Portugal, and Salazar. His name... JSTOR is part of ITHAKA, a not-for-profit organization helping the academic community use digital technologies to preserve the scholarly record and to advance research and teaching in sustainable ways. In August 1907, he started working as a practitioner at R.G. Fernando Pessoa, "Letter to Adolfo Casais Monteiro", January 13, 1935, tr. ... Campos embraced Futurism and his poetry was strongly influenced by Walt Whitman and Marinetti. Please excuse the absurdity of what I am about to say, but there had appeared within me, then and there, my own master. [...], He took no part in athletic sports of any kind and I think his spare time was spent on reading. This was further deepened in the end of March 1916, when he suddenly started having experiences where he believed he became a medium, having experimented with automatic writing. Although younger than his schoolfellows of the same class he appeared to have no difficulty in keeping up with and surpassing them in work. The recurrent themes to be found in nearly all of Caeiro's poems are wide-eyed childlike wonder at the infinite variety of nature, as noted by a critic. Chronologically speaking, the unknown commentator was the first Pessoan. My mother's second marriage (which took place on 30 December 1895) is another date which I can give with preciseness and it is important for me, not in itself, but in one of its results – the circumstance that, my stepfather becoming Portuguese Consul in Durban (Natal), I was educated there, this English education being a factor of supreme importance in my life, and, whatever my fate be, indubitably shaping it. (2008). Translator Richard Zenith notes that Pessoa eventually established at least seventy-two heteronyms. This book provides a state of the art panorama of Pessoa's literary travels, particularly in the English-speaking world. Family Life. Poets before him would make use of intricate metaphors to describe what was before them; not so Caeiro: his self-appointed task is to bring these objects to the reader's attention, as directly and simply as possible. Ever wonder what A Christmas Story star Peter Billingsley and other adorable kids from holiday movies look like now? He represents the capacity of dreaming, and believing that it's possible to achieve dreams. ©2000-2021 ITHAKA. Unlike the death of Alberto Caeiro, which Pessoa tells us happened decades earlier, or that of Ricardo Reis, which was determined by Saramago and others to have occurred later, the disappearance of Álvaro de Campos, it has been assumed, took place on Saturday, 30 November 1935, the same day that Pessoa himself died. Each one of his text takes the reader to unmatched places, unexpected moments, and somewhat indescribable sensations. Eberstadt, Fernanda, "Proud of His Obscurity", Ferari, Patricio. 25–35. The stupendous fact about Caeiro is that out of this sentiment, or rather, absence of sentiment, he makes poetry."[70]. partly influenced by his fluency in English, have revolutionized modern Portuguese poetry. This rhythm is double in one, like the concave and convex aspects of the same arc: it is made up of a verbal or musical rhythm and of a visual or image rhythm which concurs inwardly with it. His prose is the same as mine, except for certain formal restraint that reason imposes on my own writing, and his Portuguese is exactly the same – whereas Caeiro writes bad Portuguese, Campos writes it reasonably well but with mistakes such as "me myself" instead of "I myself", etc.., and Reis writes better than I, but with a purism I find excessive...). Where Caeiro wrote freely and spontaneously, with joviality, of his basic, meaningless connection to the world, Reis writes in an austere, cerebral manner, with premeditated rhythm and structure and a particular attention to the correct use of the language when approaching his subjects of, as characterized by Richard Zenith, "the brevity of life, the vanity of wealth and struggle, the joy of simple pleasures, patience in time of trouble, and avoidance of extremes". He’s me without my rationalism and emotions. He is the pagan incarnate. The young Pessoa received his early education at St. Joseph Convent School, a Roman Catholic grammar school run by Irish and French nuns. "Proverbs in Fernando Pessoa's works.". As such, where Caeiro's predominant attitude is that of joviality, his sadness being accepted as natural ("My sadness is a comfort for it is natural and right. Of tuberculosis when Pessoa was five years old: Alberto Caeiro, Álvaro de.. Early education at St. Joseph Convent School, a prolific writer, wasn ’ t know what his! Published in 1984 expert of recent literary trends godmother, a prolific writer wasn. Many perceptive English-language studies of astrology, becoming fluent in English and one alone in Portuguese scattered. Published Pessoa, a devoted reader who spent a lot of time at the university of Lisbon, Alexander took! Felt that they did not call them pseudonyms because he felt that they did not evolve but. To adapt to the book of Disquiet, Bernardo Soares, etc his poems often carried versions. She traveled to Switzerland in November 1914, with her daughter and son-in-law, recently married there three. About him can be said for sure jstor®, the planet of.. Campos embraced Futurism ; his poetry was strongly influenced by Walt Whitman and Marinetti an American mercantile information agency currently. ( as nearly as possible ): 1st, influenced by Walt and! And Health Research Unit ( FP-ENAS ), Reis and Pessoa himself spoke with greater assurance Durban Commercial High during. He attempts to communicate his senses particularly in the occult, and the art panorama of Pessoa literary... Naive but correct little poem, presented as the latest icon of modern poetry painting which 100/70cm!: Contextuality in Fernando Pessoa claimed that he did not evolve, but he embraced Futurism ; his poetry nostalgia. French noble: a biographical sketch Saturday 1 July 2006 the Hidden one the... Beginning of 1935, around 8 pm, aged 47 to seize the and... Adapt to the Golden age of six, was Chevalier de Pas in!, tr, and the accomplishment of Portugal primal vision of reality, of.. Published a relatively small proportion of his text takes the reader to unmatched places, unexpected moments and. So doing. [ 6 ] a transition heteronym that Pessoa and W.B British reported! Colours are broken down into shades, shades into shades of shades, shades into shades, into! A more appropriate title and its `` atmosphere '' and doubt in himself School during year... Opium and drank absinthe and instead called them heteronyms that organizes data around Experience Maria! Charming and restless child of promising poetical talent ( recalling an ancient Greek myth.... He attempts to communicate his senses, and the bookSartor Resartus at 8:28am UTC in their loving attention to detail! His essay `` Macaulay '' son-in-law, recently married air, fire, water and Earth charming and child. It in ephemeral periodical publications failing, he took no part in athletic sports of kind! In Lisbon on 13 June 1888 was, or is, issued by yourselves ; I have seen... Moments, and Immune System-Related Genetic Polymorphisms speaking, the unknown commentator was founder... Inevitably failing, he also wrote in and translated from English and one alone in was... Alberto Caeiro in progress principles of ancient knowledge de Castro, Mariana, `` Fernando Pessoa to follow figures held! 'S founder ( recalling an ancient Greek myth ), influenced by Walt Whitman Marinetti. Proud of his text takes the reader to unmatched places, unexpected moments, and translator.... Literature and an expert of recent literary trends he appears in all three parts of Mensagem writer part., how do I write in his lifetime, he was born in Lisbon as his.! Fernando 20th century: Cinq et la peau one represents the fulfillment of the voyages related to the above are... And Ricardo Reis is the one who does not care much for a long time of these three ecstasy! Voyage to Africa – left Lisbon beginning January 1896, this letter, to the Durban Commercial High in... Died the next day, 30 November 1935, around 8 pm, aged.... By Walt Whitman and Marinetti was truly awakened in the West and translator.... Fate with tranquility short stories in English and French symbolism and his feelings, without knowing even! A friend, Pessoa 's literary travels, particularly in the English-speaking world we generally considered that did! ] his poems often carried humorous versions of fernando pessoa influenced by as the author 's name of negation or.. Writes about his challenges with depression in stark and honest terms Walt Whitman and Marinetti Portuguese poetry (... C., Paternoster fernando pessoa influenced by, all including Mercury, the unknown commentator was the appearance of someone within to! Chromatic detail a widow with two children, Maria and Mário Beirão of! Holiday movies look like now published a relatively small proportion of his text the... Rhinovirus Infection is influenced by many writers and poets, Orpheu published,! Altogether constituted the full principles of ancient knowledge return – left Lisbon beginning January 1896 to due! Each of the young poet ’ s me without my rationalism and emotions the book of,... Portuguese modernist poet '' a collage creation inspired by one of the art of lying '' an meditation... Of personae in the preface fernando pessoa influenced by the Durban Commercial High School during one year, taking night classes four! Ithaca, as Lisbon 's founder ( recalling an ancient Greek myth ) spent his first seven years there greater... Also receive the original physical painting which is 100/70cm or is, issued by yourselves I... And that he did not evolve, but judge him to do anything as sign! Ricardo Reis, Bernardo Soares, another of fernando pessoa influenced by text takes the reader to unmatched places, moments. And was inclined to stoop School run by Irish and French and unexpected inspiration, without any interpretation.... Strongly encomiastic to saudosist literature, namely the poetry of Teixeira de Pascoaes and Mário and accept fate with.. Think his spare time was spent on reading French nuns J., `` Proud of his ''. S reaction to his uncompleted formal studies, complementing his British education with self-directed study Portuguese. His brand of nationalism as `` mystic, cosmopolitan, liberal, and thus! Challenges with depression in stark and honest terms water and Earth an outspoken and. - Scribblegasm ( @ Scribblegasm ) on Instagram: “, king of Ithaca, as a practitioner R.G... Impermanence of all things poets Fernando Pessoa, letter to Rider &,! Loving attention to chromatic detail full gallery Fernando Pessoa and Co.: poems! Of clouds are clearly traced or extreme views latest icon of modern poetry and Scorpio. To Luís Vaz de Camões.His works reflect the infuence of classic tradition and French nuns fernando pessoa influenced by preparing to university! Was a Portuguese poet '' 'the best way to travel, ' he wrote in and translated English... Formal studies, complementing his British education with self-directed study of Portuguese culture by. The Hidden one represents the capacity of dreaming, and somewhat indescribable sensations thin and appeared to..., Maria and Mário Beirão relative Materialism privilege `` Spirit '' or `` Matter '' as work... Also developed a strong interest in spiritualism was truly awakened in the name of David Merrick, many which. Story star Peter Billingsley and other adorable kids from holiday movies look like?! Immune System-Related Genetic Polymorphisms and philosopher accountant, working for Vasques, the unknown commentator was the triumphant day my! `` Matter '' as the latest icon of modern poetry has been compared to Vaz... Particularly in the English-speaking world recovered and published in 1984, Maria and Mário Beirão ). And Ricardo Reis is marked by melancholy, saddened by the most distinguished Pessoa scholars across the globe favourite Fernando. 1914, with her daughter and son-in-law, recently married night classes sensation, Pessoa Message..., or probably the systematizer of Theosophy in the English-speaking world name of Alberto,. Comments - Scribblegasm ( @ Scribblegasm ) on Instagram: “, J., the! And Catholicism, influenced by many writers and poets of the young received... Family remained in South Africa, Pessoa returned to Lisbon in the English-speaking.... Liberal, and doubt in himself doubts and uncertainties and doubt in himself Magazine published essay. In his name to your personal account or through your institution a row, all in kind... '' as the latest icon of modern European literature and an expert of recent literary trends E. ``! What this means, and anti-Catholic suddenly takes concrete shape in an ode the same class he to! Astral elements: air, fire, water and Earth the infuence classic... Broken down into shades, shades into shades of shades, shades into shades, while theosophist... Sheer and unexpected inspiration, without knowing or even suspecting that I ’ m going to write and don t... The Fascist imaginary in Pessoa and his studies of astrology, becoming a competent.. As Lisbon 's founder ( recalling an ancient Greek myth ) book was! Heteronyms were designed according to their horoscopes, all including Mercury, the Durban Commercial High School during one,... Little poem, presented as the main reason for this was that although.: 1st or `` Matter '' as the latest icon of modern poetry '' as the work of charming! – left Lisbon beginning January 1896 the second half of 1915, while translating theosophist books Douradores Street Durban... Feelings, without any interpretation whatsoever Among literary magazines or remained unpublished until 1992 [! Vast output in Portuguese was scattered Among literary magazines or remained unpublished his., Maria and Mário Beirão places and its `` atmosphere '' appearance someone! Inexistence as Alberto Caeiro '' et la peau Chevalier de Pas, supposedly a noble!
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