On nuclear disarmament. Mankind Protests. This was followed by a fresh satyagraha campaign in 1932 and another in 1933, the year in which Rajagopalachari's link with Gandhi was buttressed by the marriage of his youngest daughter, Lakshmi, to Gandhi's youngest son, Devadas. The Indian National Congress obtained a majority by winning 27 out of 46 seats in the Legislative Council for which the elections were held. Apart from the prose renderings of the epics, Rajagopalachari's body of work includes, among other texts, commentaries on the Bhagavad Gītā and the Upanishads, a translation in English verse of the Tamil Rāmāyaṇa of Kamban, about three dozen short stories, and articles (in English and Tamil) published during a period of nearly six decades. A Jail Diary. In 1946, Rajaji was appointed Minister of Industry, Supply, Education and Finance in the Interim Government of India, and then as the Governor of West Bengal from 1947 to 1948, Governor-General of India from 1948 to 1950, Union Home Minister from 1951 to 1952 and as Chief Minister of Madras state from 1952 to 1954. Leaving a lucrative law practice, Rajagopalachari edited Mohandas K. Gandhi’s paper Young India while Gandhi was in prison in the early 1920s. Rajaji had his education in Bangalore and Madras. Encyclopedia.com. Among other causes not popular with the Congress government was his campaign for religious instruction in the public schools. In 1937, Rajagopalachari was elected Prime minister of the Madras Presidency and served until 1940, when he resigned due to Britain's declaration of war on Germany. >C. In June 1948 Rajagopalachari took over as governor-general of India’s interim government, serving until January 1950. He later advocated co-operation over Britain's war effort and opposed the Quit India Movement. For 20 years (1922–42) he served on the Working Committee of the Indian National Congress and was prime minister of his home state of Madras (now Tamil Nadu) from 1937 to 1939. He was elected as a Chief Minister after 1937 elections in Madras Presidency and served till 1939. Later he became the Chief Minister of Madras… Basing his opinion largely on the short stories, the scholar K. R. Srinivasa Iyengar places Rajagopalachari among "the masters and makers of modern Tamil prose" (Gandhi, p. 431). He died on 25 December 1972 at age 94. Closer, on questions involving India's Muslims, to Nehru than to Patel, who was also the home or interior minister, yet closer to Patel on economic issues, Rajagopalachari seemed to be the preference of both Nehru and Patel for selection as India's first president when, in January 1950, India became a republic. An overview of early Hindu doctrines. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. "Chakravarti Rajagopalachari Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. After Japan's sweep in 1941 and 1942 in the Pacific and Southeast Asia, Rajagopalachari concluded that the Congress could not fight the British, the League, and the Japanese at the same time. (Swarajya, Madras, 24 May 1969). From 1948 to 1950, after India’s independence (1947), he was governor-general of the dominion of India. They said they could not, but added that the Soviet Union would accept a joint renunciation. The possibility of another route to independence was suggested by press accounts of the nonviolent disobedience that Mohandas Gandhi and numerous Indians were practicing in South Africa from 1906, accounts confirmed to Rajagopalachari by relatives (in India) of Tamils indentured in South Africa. On Independence, he became the Governor of West Bengal. Chennai: Rochouse, 1941. Rajagopalachari was instrumental in setting up a united Anti-Congress front in Madras state under C. N. Annadurai, which swept the 1967 elections. The following summer, he succeeded Lord Mountbatten as free India's governor-general; his is the last—and the only Indian—name in a line of governors-general starting in the eighteenth century with Warren Hastings. Rajagopalachari answered that if Fielden's cousins "found me worthy of the time they gave me," it was perhaps because unlike Nehru, "who is big and too conscious and anxious about it, I don't care and let go" (Gandhi, p. 388). Sitaramayya, Pattabhi. . By this time, Rajagopalachari was immersed in his writings. 16 Apr. Interesting material on Rajagopalachari is in the official history by B. Pattabhi Sitaramayya, History of the Indian National Congress, vol. New Delhi: Affiliated East-West, 1973. Encyclopedia of World Biography. As the headman first of Thorapalli and later of the larger settlement of Hosur, Rajagopalachari's father, Chakravarti Iyengar, earned a monthly salary of around five rupees (about one U.S. dollar at the time). In 1946, Rajagopalachari was appointed Minister of Industry, Supply, Education and Finance in the Interim Government of India, and then as the Governor of West Bengal from 1947 to 1948, Governor-General of India from 1948 to 1950, Union Home Minister from 1951 to 1952 and as Chief Minister of Madras state from 1952 to 1954. In less than six months, however, invited by both Nehru and Patel—each of whom saw Rajagopalachari as a counterweight against the other—he was in the Indian capital again, as minister without portfolio. Rajaji's Speeches. Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.com cannot guarantee each citation it generates. Rajagopalachari was the last Governor-General of India. Ambedkar Refuted. . C. Rajagopalachari was an Indian lawyer, independence activist, politician and writer. He died on 25 December 1972 at age 94. © 2019 Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. Ramachandra Guha On C.Rajagopalachari - Part 1. by Ramachandra Guha - Oct 29, 2014 06:19 PM. He also served as leader of the Indian National Congress Premier of the Madras Presidency Governor of West Bengal Minister for Home Affairs of the Indian Union and Chief Minister of Madras state. Chakravarti Rajagopalachari informally called Rajaji or C. R. was an Indian lawyer independence activist politician writer and statesman. Iyengar, Masti V. Rajaji. Nehru was unresponsive. In a letter that he wrote to Rajagopalachari on 9 August 1963, Chester Bowles, the U.S. ambassador to India, said that the administration would defend the treaty in the Senate, a "persistence," added Bowles, that was "in no small measure due to your eloquent plea for just such a step as this . He joined the Judicial Department Indian Civil Service on 3 May 1886 and was appointed deputy collector in December 1887. He served as a Chief Minister for two terms spanning about five years. PRASAD, RAJENDRA 72–73). This prediction was offered twenty years before India's embrace of liberalization. Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, 1975. To double the number of pupils in the state's schools, and also in the belief that parents would impart skills in rural crafts to their children, he proposed a halving of school hours and an emphasis on learning crafts. After Patel's In 1946 Rajagopalachari maintained his posture as a moderator when he advised acceptance of the Pakistan demand as the price which had to be paid for independence. youngest of three brothers, Rajagopalachari saw the blackboard as a blur in Hosur's government school, but at the age of thirteen, when he obtained spectacles, he understood, as he put it, "what green was" and that stars were not "just a vague mist of light" but "had points, and corners, and colours" (Gandhi, p. 5). He was the first and last Indian Governor General of India after Lord Mountbatten left India in 1948. Jawaharlal Nehru…, Gandhi, Mohandas Karamchand Rajagopalachari founded the Swatantra Party and was one of the first recipients of India's highest civilian award, the Bharat Ratna. Within the “Cite this article” tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. In some ways the inconsistencies added to his appeal. When, on 15 August 1947, independence arrived, preceded the previous day by the creation of Pakistan, Rajagopalachari became the governor of Bengal's western half; East Bengal had gone to Pakistan. NEHRU, JAWAHARLAL Also in 1946, he became minister in the interim government which guided India in the final months up to partition and independence. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Chakravarti Rajagopalachari (often called C. R. or Rajaji) was born on 10 December 1878 to a family of poor Iyengar Brahmans in Thorapalli, near Hosur, in the Tamil country. Refusing to contest an election, he ran the state government from a nominated seat in the upper house of the Madras legislature. ." . 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